turbo lister 2 stops at 3 bars during setup

Separately, testing in 1917 by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and Sanford Alexander Moss showed that a turbocharger could enable an engine to avoid any power loss (compared with the power produced at sea level) at an altitude of up to 4,250 m (13,944 ft) above sea level. Another early patent for turbochargers was applied for in 1916 by French steam turbine inventor Auguste Rateau, for their intended use on the Renault engines used by French fighter planes. However, the prototype was not reliable and did not reach production. The first prototype was finished in 1915 with the aim of overcoming the power loss experienced by aircraft engines due to the decreased density of air at high altitudes.

This patent was for a compound radial engine with an exhaust-driven axial flow turbine and compressor mounted on a common shaft. The 1905 patent by Alfred Büchi, a Swiss engineer working at Sulzer is often considered the birth of the turbocharger.

Then in 1885, Gottlieb Daimler patented the technique of using a gear-driven pump to force air into an internal combustion engine. Use of superchargers began in 1878, when several supercharged two-stroke gas engines were built using a design by Scottish engineer Dugald Clerk. Prior to the invention of the turbocharger, forced induction was only possible using mechanically-powered superchargers. However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a 'turbosupercharger' and was considered a type of supercharger. The current categorisation is that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases, whereas a supercharger is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.

In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. Cut-away view turbocharger (turbine section on the left, compressor section on the right)

Turbo lister 2 stops at 3 bars during setup